Method of cutting cylinders



1. MARCY.

METHOD 0F CUTTING CYLINDERS.

APPLICATION FILED AuG.I9, 1920.

124049989, Patented Jan. 31,1922,

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

' akkorde@ J. MARCY. y METHOD 0F CUTTING CY'LIND-ERS. APPLICATION FILEDAUGJB, |920.

Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

fz l

61H20: mags JOHN MARCYQor'nErnoIr-, MICHIGAN.

`aen of'tlieUnited States of America, resid? ing at Detroit,1in the'county of Vayne and State of Michigan, have,` inventedfcertain'V new anduseful Improvements in Methods oi? Cutting Cylinders, of which thefollowing" isf I a specification, reference beinghfadtherein" to theaccompanying drawings.

Thisinventionrelates .to a. method of cut! i ting` cylinders and votherbodiesh'aving bores; or cylindrical openings which must have the wallsthereof true, and as an examplejof suchv a structure there maybe cited acylinder or4 engine 'block adapted Jtofhave a; pistonkreciprocatedtherein; On account of piston ringsl the walls of an enginecylinder "become scored and irregular, and from time to time it isnecessary that the.V cylinder walls be recut to insure anon-leakableconnection be' tweenY the cylinder walls and a reciprocable pistontherein. 1

My invention' aims lto provide means,` as lhereinafter set forth,forexpeditiously and leconomically lcuttingl or rie-surfacing the rinl nerwalls of a cylinder, either by power or hand, and part .of theoperations are' carried A ony with' well-'known .commercial devices, sol

f to carry my invention .intopractice, itis only necessary to provide.certain other devices whereby a cylinder may be accurately cut.

`The various devices entering intomy inl vention and the successivestepsinvolvedin vthe. method of cutting lwillbe hereinafter more fullydescribed and then claimed,v and reference will now be had to thedrawings, wherein-f vFigure 1 V of a cylinder showing ay cylinder` gaugetherein; A* "A Figi.'A 2 is a longitudinal sectional view ofthe'cyl'inder gauge;v l 4 Fig. `3 is a plan of the gauge;v Fig. 4 is aside elevation ofla micrometer gauge showing the manner in which it isset by the cylinder gauge; f 5 is a similar view showing the setting ofa reamer bythe micrometer gauge; 'y `r Fig. 6 is a side elevation of theream'er;` Fig. 7 is a plan of the same, and VFigg is a longitudinalsectional view of the cylinder showing the manner of Vusing the cylindergauge and reamer. l

In the drawings, the reference l.; denotes, by the way of an example, acylinderv '2, at; any place in is a longitudinal sectional view.

.'Hivrnrnon oncnrrms cY'LInnEns.

Applicationlled August 3.9,` lQZ. Seriall Non/594540. if

' hating-,ja aan are" maar@ afgaat-'laas radius "or: diameter of the4cylinderl employ Speccation'ofl Letters*(Patent..y l" "Jan, '315r'eyliaaer gauge which may be' 'of various i forms, but a preferred typehas ,been shown in` Figsvl'f and 3. The gaugewcompris'es;

afcylindricalftwo-part bodyf having rafa l diallyf disposedlslidable'gauge members 4 l andyeachwgauge member maybe iiXed relatively.,to-tlie body 3by anyy suitable clampingjmeans', for instance', 4screws f3a,

clarnpin'g the parts with the gauge members 4'Iftherebetween. :If employasetting cone 5 for shifting the memberslvwhen thescrews 3a are loose,andvsaid cone yis slidably'xmounted Iony a rod 46' A.carried bythegaugebody and; sinned` said @dag-ainsi the inner' ends fof" the gaugemembers 4 by' a sleeve -7 Jand'a nut 8 or'otherrotatable.device.` The@ frod -6 constitutes meansforplacing the gauge body fin the cylinderEiland by adjusting the" v vnut Sth'esleeve 7 may be rshiftedv on therod 6,tocause thesetting .cone 5to distend the gaugemembersfso that .theouter, `ends, of

said fmemberswill' egage the lc'ylinder wall d e cylinder wheretli'e;vvvgauge -maybe placed. f By simultaneously distending'jthegauge members 4and pos? sibly rotating the gaugeinv the cylinderthe inner diameter ofthe cylinder can be Oby tained andjsuch diameter' will be representedonvthejcylinder gauge by'y the distance bef tween'jth'e outer endsofdiametrically` op-Q has the 'rodv re.-

.posedfgauge members. After this operation,

which represents 'thel first stepo my method, 'y

'the gaugeis removed from the cylinder with 90V i gauge having afscrewv12 thatfmayfbenminutely f adjusted. Withtliecylinder gauge thecylindergaugecnthefcenter lpin lO it is.

possible to` determine whetherthe microml mdiusfcomm-On 't0 @11 0f ith@ygauge members eter screw .12 isproperly set torepresenta 4 of thecylinder gauge.` The. micrometer screw :12is -not tightened against thev end ofI the gauge member, but set'sothat the cylinder gauge can bebodily removed, leaving 110V resent the radius of the finished cylinder,

the micrometer gauge set to representa radiusof the cylinder beforebeing cut.

It having been ascertained how much of the surface must be removed fromthe wall 2 to eliminate-scoring and other imperfections, for instance,the sixty-fourth part of an inch, the micrometer gauge 11 is nowadljusted tok increase thev radius represented therebyrone-siXty-fourthpart of an inch.

Various forms of reamersY or grinding` devices may be used in thecylinder 1 for pro- 'Y Y gressively cutting thewall 2 from one endV ofthe cylinder fto the opposite end and as an example of the reamer whichI may' em? ploy, reference will ynow be had to Figs. V5

vto 8 inclusive. The reamer comprises a body 1e having radially disposedjaws or cutters each of which may beheld in an adjusted position by apin 16 vorY other clamping device. a. coupling member 17 soV that anopera-ting rod 1,8 may be detachably connected thereto, and the rod 18like therodifmay be rotated by power or hand.

lWith the micrometer gauge 11 set to repthe. unset rcainer is placed onthe micrometer gaugeV over the Vcenter pin 10.V VThe setting cone 5 isplaced inthe reamer body 14 and ast-he reamer body is Iintermittentlyrotated Vto place each cutter or jaw 15 opposite the micrometer screw12, the setting cone is A tapped to shift the outer end of each reamercutter into engagement with the head 13 of the micrometer screw 12. Eachreamer jaw may thus be set so that all of the jaws will have the' sameradius from the center of the y reamer body. The reamer body may then beremo-ved vfrom the micrometer gauge, the setting cone 5 removed from thereamer and Vthe rod 185er similar operating device connected toy thereamer; it being understood that each of the reamer jaws has been fixedrelative to the reamer body so as not to become accidentally displacedduringV the operation of the reamer in the cylinder.

The reamer is now startedtin one end of the cylinderl 1 to cut orotherwise operate upon the wall 2 of the cylinder, and as before stated,this may be accomplished by power or, hand at the outer end of the rod18. As the reamer' advances in the cylinder it is obvious that there maybe some torque or twisting action of the rod 18,and to' interposedbetween the gauge 3 and the The reamer body let has sleeve 19 may be`reamer 14, as sho-wn in Fig. 8, and an operating rod employed that willextendthrough 'the cylinder gauge 3 and thesleeve. 19 to permit of thereamer 14 being rotated and advanced in the cylinder 1. In acomparatively short cylinder it may not be necessary to Lagain use thecylinder gauge as a guide for the operating rmeans of a reamer, but whenthe cutting is performed byihand YI Yprefer to use such aguide tofacilitate cut-V ting operation. t ,t

-From the foregoing, it will be observed that I first ascertain thediameter `of theJ` cylinder wall 2 by a radial gauge; second, .utilizethe set radial gauge to set a microm-V eter gauge; Y third, reset themicrometer gauge to represent the amount of material to be removed Ifromthe cylinder i wall;Y fourth, using the reset micrometer gauge to set areamer Vso thatthe reamer may be employed for cutting Vthe cylinderwall, and

lfifth, resetting theradial gauge according to the reset micrometergauge so thatV the radial'gauge may be used as a guide fork theoperating means of the reamer, particularly as the reamer approachesthat end of the cylinder farthest from the application or Y source ofpower.

In' carrying out the various steps of my method of cutting the cylinderI do not care toconiine myself to the type of gauge yor micrometerrshown'and' it is Vobvious that various formsof rea-mers may be employed7chang pended claims.

iVhatI claim is Ytherefore my invention is susceptible'to such Oes asfall within the scope of thewap-` 77100 l. A method of cuttingacylinderor' similar structure consisting in using a gauge to ascertainthe radius of the cylinder to be cut,

resetting the gauge to correspond to the cyl-.

inder radius plus the depth of vmaterial toy be removed, setting areaml'er to correspond to the gauge, Vusing the reainer toicut thecylinder', and then using ther gauge rin the cylinder as a guide for thereamer.

2. A method 'of cutting a cylinder consisting of using a radial gauge toascertain the radius of an unground cylinder, setting a micrometer gaugeaccording tothe radial gauge, resetting the micrometer gauge `to includethe depth of material to be removed from the cylinder, setting a reameraccording `to the micrometer gauge',resettingn the radial gauge tocorrespond tothe resetv lmicrometer gauge, using the radial gaugeas areainer guide in the vcylindenand then usino' the. reamer to cut thecylinder,

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

Y Witnesses ANNA M. DoRR, KARL I-I. BUTLER. Y

JOHN Manor. Y

